Friday, December 23, 2011

Christmas & Nonna Angela's Fig Cookies

Petrali or Southern Italian Fig Cookies


Growing up, Petrali, or Fig Cookies from the Southern Italian province of Calabria were an the single most important culinary tradition of Christmas in my household. 






Each year, I remember my grandmother meticulously following the same recipe that her mother passed down to her. Making the cookies was a three part project. The first step was to make the the delicious, citrus infused dough. Next, came the traditional filling of figs, nuts, honey, citrus zest enriched with my great grandmother's addition of strawberry jam, dates, cherries, and cinnamon. Last, the dough was rolled out and the cookies got filled and baked.


I'm not sure exactly what made them so special to us. Could it have been the aroma, the flavor, or perhaps the fact that my grandmother was the only one who made them in our area? We never really thought about it, because we were just happy to get them. Even Santa requested Petrali at our house, which is why, my mother explained to me, that we never left him chocolate chip cookies or cut outs like the other kids in my class did.


Nonna Angela baking in 2009

Unfortunately, my nonna wasn't able to make our beloved Fig Cookies this year, so I decided to make them for her. I adapted the recipe slightly to accommodate the ingredients and appliances on the market today. For example, the figs used in the recipe need to be simmered if they are very dry and hard, but there are very tender organic dried figs on the market today which don't require simmering. Also, my grandmother always made her filling in a meat grinder. I used a food processor which gave a much faster, yet slightly smoother result.


Recipe:


For the Dough:


1 cup sugar
1 cup butter, at room temperature
2 eggs
1/2 teaspoon salt
1 teaspoon baking soda
2 teaspoons baking powder
1 teaspoon vanilla
4 cups flour
1/2 cup freshly squeezed orange juice, or as needed plus orange zest


For the Filling:


1 pound dried organic white figs*
1 pound dried pitted dates
1 whole orange, zested and juiced
1 whole lemon, zested and juiced
1 pound walnuts or almonds
1 cup honey
1 small jar Maraschino cherries, drained
1 teaspoon cinnamon
1/4 cup sugar


For the Glaze:


2 tablespoons butter
1 cup confectioners sugar
1 teaspoon vanilla
juice and zest of 1/2 orange
sprinkles


Preparation:


*If organic white figs can't be found - substitute any dried figs. Place in a saucepan and cover with water. Simmer, on low heat, until soft, and cut off stems.


Drain figs and place in food processor with dates Add in orange and lemon zest and juice and process.


Add in walnuts, honey, cherries, cinnamon, and sugar. Process until combined.


Roll out the dough until approximately 1'8 - inch thick (like pie dough).


Make strips 4-inches in length across the diameter of the dough (same process as ravioli).


Place a 1 1/2-inch strip of filling in a log across the middle of the strip.


Roll up the dough strip to cover the filling.


Cut cookies with a pizza cutter or knife into 1-inch diagonal pieces.


Preheat oven to 350F degrees.


Place cookies onto well greased or lined baking sheet leaving 1/2-inch in between each one.


Bake for 15-20 minutes or until lightly golden.


Remove from oven and allow to cool.


In the meantime, make a glaze by whisking butter and powdered sugar together. Add in vanilla and orange zest and stir well to incorporate.


Add in orange juice, bit by bit, until you achieve a glaze consistency.


Spoon glaze over cookies as soon as they are cool and top with sprinkles.







Wednesday, December 21, 2011

Luxor: Where Dreams are Discovered and Luxury Defined

Do you know where the name Luxor comes from and what it inspired?  Here's a hint: the entire modern marketing industry would be suffering without it.

Obelisk at Luxor Temple (The one that stands at Place de la Concorde in Paris comes from here, too)



Luxor comes from the Arabic "Al Uqsor" or "The Palaces" because when the Arabs arrived in Egypt, they believed that all of its ancient temples were palaces.  Etymology of the word proves that the word "luxor" was the inspiration for the modern word, luxury.

Luxor Temple: above and below



Webster’s dictionary states that the derivation of the word luxury comes from the Latin word luxus which relates to excess.  Webster’s definition includes this notion of excess but also the notion of pleasure and indulgence and the connotation of something that is not necessary.  

Luxor's temples provided ease, comfort, pleasure, indulgence, and satisfaction for the current life as well as the afterlife.

 Luxor Temple


 Temple of Hatshepsut (The only female Pharoah)
Luxor's most noted monuments and temples include The Temple of Karnak, Luxor Temple, Valley of the Kings, Valley of the Queens, Tombs of the Nobles, Habu Temple, Hatshepsut Temple, as well as all of the treasures located in the Luxor Museum.

 Habu Temple (Ramses III)

Prior to the revolution last January, 5,000 tourists flocked to Luxor a day, and the city was on its way to becoming the "world's largest open air museum." In the ten months following the revolution, tourism in the city (the only major industry) has come to a screeching halt. Even the most optimistic of locals are worried.

 Theban Hills

One of the things I have noticed from my frequent trips to Luxor and researching it's history, is that nothing is new there. With such an impressive past, Luxor has seen it all - including political turmoil and revolutions. The ancient city of Thebes (part of modern Luxor) was proven to have human inhabitants over 500,000 years ago. The residents of ancient Thebes formed the first hunger strike in recorded history. The rulers of countless dynasties attempted to leave their mark in history by completely destroying the memories of their predecessors. Despite all of the drama, Luxor, it's people, and it's monuments live on.

Four of the common denominators in Luxor's history are the ingenuity of its inhabitants, the Nile, folkloric traditions, and the power of dreams. 

There are enough Egyptian innovations in Luxor alone to keep you spellbound for a lifetime. For this reason, Modern music, literature, mathematics, science, astronomy, and medicine, have been influenced by ancient Egypt. Jazz, rap, and hip hop music consistently borrow Egyptian themes. Ancient Egyptian and Nubian instruments which played distinctive tunes for secular and religious occasions.

video
Share the Mic collaboration between American and Egyptian musicians at Luxor Temple



The ancient Egyptians had three writing styles including Hieroglyphic, Hieratic, and Demotic. Egyptian literature was scientific, secular, and religious. It comprised moral and educational treatises. It was in this part of Egypt in 4,000 year BCE that literature was developed.  The people of ancient Luxor wrote, read, possessed, and loved books.Egyptian literature was scientific, secular, and religious. It comprised moral and educational treatises; state-papers; works on geometry, medicine, astronomy, and magic; travels, tales, fables, heroic poems, love-songs, and essays in the form of letters; hymns, dirges, rituals; and last, not least, that extraordinary collection of prayers, invocations, and religious formulæ known as The Book of the Dead. 

Seshat - Godess of Writing

Advanced mathematics, science, and astronomy were developed in order to build the temples so precisely. Modern archaeologists, architects, and engineers are still amazed by their precision.
According to Homer's Odyssey: “The Egyptians were skilled in medicine more than any other art“ Hippocrates (the "father of medicine"), and many others, studied at the temple of Amenhotep, and acknowledged the contribution of ancient Egyptian medicine to Greek medicine.  

Luxor, which gets less hits on the internet than the famous Las Vegas hotel which bears it's name, contains roots that spread to all depths of the globe.  As the  chairperson of The Baltimore Luxor Alexandria Sister City Committee, I have the opportunity to visit often. I am consistently awe-struck by not only the beauty of the place, magnitude of the monuments, and the kindness of the people, but of the knowledge that we still need to discover here.


Dinner with new Luxor Governor Dr. Ezzat Saad and Luxor Baltimore Sister City Committee


If you are planning a trip to Luxor anytime soon - I highly recommend the following day itinerary:

1. Start your day with breakfast and a cappuccino at the Winter Palace Hotel. Built in 1886, and home to many royal visits, it bridges the gap from ancient to modern luxury.
Winter Palace Hotel

2. Tour Luxor Temple and the Luxor Museum.

3. Head to El Kababgy for lunch. You'll enjoy spectacular views of the Nile in a location that has hosted the likes of Princess Diana, Nicholas Sarkozy and Carla Bruni, Sheikha Moza (the first lady of Bahrain), to name a few. The kabobs are, in my opinion, the best in Egypt. My favorite is the Shish Tawook (marinated chicken kabobs with tomatoes and peppers).

Lunch at El Kababgy Restaurant with Dr. Amira Mohsen, Actor Jamal Suleiman, and friends


4. Take a late afternoon/sunset felucca ride down the Nile and stop at Banana Island. The Nile used to flood twice annually and provide sustenance to the entire region. A Nile god named Hapi was worshiped in order to encourage an abundant supply. While the Nile still continues to be an important source of irrigation, it also provides beautiful scenery and touristic cruise opportunities.


Banana Island




5. Do some shopping and learn about traditional handicrafts at The Urban Center for Women


 Traditional Khameya Embroirdery
 Hand Engraved Copper and Brass
 Traditionally Woven Rugs

6. Enjoy dinner at the Nubian Village. Luxor is home to 50,000 Nubians and this open air museum does a wonderful job of translating their culture.

7. After dinner, go back to the Corniche for drinks at the Metropolitan Cafe. It is here that I have done some of my most inspired writing and met wonderful local friends.

Dreams were very important in ancient Egypt. Rulers could often justify their ascension to the throne by telling the citizens that they dreamed of being related to royalty. Ancient Egyptians believed they could communicate with the gods, heal illnesses, and interpret the future while dreaming.  The current lapse in tourism provides us the perfect opportunity to convey the unearthed gems of wisdom to the world. If we are able to keep our dreams and visions as clear as the ancients did while working diligently, we should exceed our own expectations, as well as that of the international community in no time.


Sunday, December 4, 2011

Happy Birthday, UAE!!!

December 2 marked National Day in the UAE - and this year the young nation celebrated its 40th birthday. I took advantage of my recent time at the Sharjah International Bookfair to visit Dubai, and had a fantastic time!


Like New York, Dubai really offers its dwellers and visitors a taste of the best the world has to offer. So much so, that many visitors find it difficult to find "local flavors." For those of you on a short day visit, here check out Al Fanar in Dubai Festival City.

The restaurant is modelled after a tawash, or the traditional home of a wealthy pearl trader (pearl trading was an important industry until cultivated pearls were developed in the eary 20th century).  Machboos (rice and meat dish), Salona (chicken and rice with hard boiled eggs) , Jasheed (cracked wheat simmered with spices, clarified butter and chili peppers) and dozens of other dishes are featured on the menu. Recipes for each of these dishes can be found in my first cookbook: Arabian Delights: Recipes and Princely Entertaining Ideas from the Arabian Peninsula.

For those of you who don't mind "living like the locals" - flock to the malls, enjoy "foreign" food, and learn to ski or ice skate in the desert.  These contradictions are what give the city its own unique flavor. A child of the 1970's, Dubai never new old fashioned down-towns or characteristic neighborhoods. Mall hopping is an  important, guilt-free part of the social scene!

 Dubai Skyline
The Gold Souk in the Mall of Dubai

Some of the things I enjoyed seeing were the attention to detail that went into making Italian and French pastries.  Many people seek out the proper, traditional method instead of taking shortcuts. The Macarons in Dubai taste unmistakably similar to those in Paris, and you can also find Bomboloni (Italian doughnuts) just like those in Italy.




When I joined my friend Rashael Haddad for lunch at the More Cafe - we learned that the restaurant really lived up to it's name. Here's our order of Mousse au Chocolat - already extremely decadent on its own, served with chocolate sauce and ice cream!



                                           The Borj al Khalifa Tower next to Dubai Mall

 Indoor skiing at Mall of the Emirates


I left Dubai feeling completely inspired and invigorated. New ideas, cultures, and flavors are celebrated and appreciated on a daily basis here.  It's amazing what we can accomplish in 40 years with great vision, leadership, motivation, talent, and hard work!!! Happy Birthday UAE!!!

Thursday, December 1, 2011

Ashoora, Pudding, and Peace



This Monday, December 5, 2011 marks the tenth day of Muharam, the first month of the Islamic calendar. This holiday is known as Ashoora (sometimes spelled Ashura in English).  Ashoora is a special day to Egyptian Jews, Christians, and Muslims (although it is remembered by each group on different dates).  Sunni Muslims are encouraged to fast on Ashoora because the holiday commemorates God saving the Prophet Moses and the Jewish people from the tyranny of Pharaoh.  The Prophet Mohamed recommended that Muslims fast the day before or the day after ashoora as well.  After the fast, families congregate for a communal meal, including a wheat berry pudding called Ashoora as well. In Turkish, this pudding is known as Noah's Pudding and is seen as a symbol of cross-religious peace.



*Recipe from Nile Style: Egyptian Cuisine and Culture
(Click here to download a free Kindle copy by December 2)

Ashoora Wheat Pudding /Ashoora
4 Servings
          
Ingredients:
1 cup whole wheat berries*, rinsed
1/2 cup sugar or honey, or to taste
1 cup warm milk
1 tablespoon cornstarch
Handful of raisins
1 teaspoon roasted peanuts, unsalted, chopped
1 teaspoon slivered almonds
1 teaspoon walnuts, chopped
1 teaspoon dried coconut

Preparation:
            Eight hours or the night before serving, place whole grain in a large thermos and cover with boiling water. The next morning, the wheat will be puffed and tender.  In a medium bowl, combine sugar or honey, milk, and corn starch together.  Place cornstarch mixture and milk mixture in a medium saucepan over medium heat and stir to combine. Increase heat to high and boil, stirring, for 2 minutes.  Reduce heat to low, and cook until pudding has thickened. Taste, and adjust sugar, if necessary.  Stir in raisins and distribute into 4 dessert bowls.
            Mix peanuts, almonds, walnuts, and coconut together and sprinkle on top of pudding.  Serve warm.
·                 Wheat berries can be purchased at organic, Middle Eastern, and healthfood stores.